Which cognitive theory discusses the impact of visual and verbal information on memory?

The cognitive theory that specifically addresses the impact of visual and verbal information on memory is Dual Coding Theory. This theory, proposed by Allan Paivio, posits that information is better retained and recalled when it is encoded in both visual and verbal forms. The idea is that our cognitive system processes visual and verbal data through distinct channels, which enhances memory and learning.

By utilizing both modalities, learners can create richer mental representations of the information, facilitating easier retrieval of the concepts later on. For example, when a student learns a new concept, pairing a diagram (visual) with a descriptive text (verbal) can make it more memorable than relying on one form alone. This dual approach helps in leveraging the strengths of each channel to improve cognitive processing and memory retention.

In contrast, other theories like Behaviorism focus more on observable behaviors and disregard internal cognitive processes, while Constructivism emphasizes active learning through experiences, and Multiple Intelligences Theory categorizes different types of intelligences but does not specifically address the dual encoding of information.