What is called when prior learning disrupts the recall of new information?

The term that refers to the phenomenon where prior learning disrupts the recall of new information is known as proactive interference. In this scenario, older information interferes with the ability to learn or retrieve newer information. This can occur in various contexts, such as when someone who has learned a second language struggles to remember new vocabulary because of interference from their first language. Proactive interference highlights the challenges linked to memory and learning processes, emphasizing how previously acquired knowledge can hinder the incorporation of new information.

The other concepts relate to memory but do not specifically address the issue of older memories obstructing the recall of newer ones. Interference theory is a broader concept that encompasses different types of interference, while retroactive interference refers specifically to new information interfering with the recall of older information. Mood-congruent memory pertains to the tendency to recall memories that are consistent with one’s current mood, which is not related to the recall disruption caused by prior learning.