What does dual coding theory suggest about information retention?

Dual coding theory posits that people process and remember information more effectively when it is presented both verbally and visually. According to this theory, the combination of verbal and visual inputs creates two distinct mental representations of the information, which enhances the likelihood of retrieval. This means that when learners can visualize an idea or concept alongside hearing or reading about it, they create richer cognitive associations, making the information easier to recall later.

The emphasis on visual representation underscores the importance of engaging both channels of cognition. When learners see images or diagrams that support verbal information, the dual pathways strengthen their memory connections. This is particularly beneficial in complex subjects where integrating visual context can clarify concepts and enhance understanding, reinforcing the idea that the effectiveness of memory retention is significantly improved by visual aids.

In contrast, other viewpoints, such as the notion that oral presentation alone is superior or that learning styles do not affect retention, do not align with the foundational principles of dual coding theory. Additionally, the belief that visual aids could hinder learning contradicts substantial research supporting the beneficial role of visuals in educational settings.