What cognitive process involves storing information that is presented repeatedly?

Rehearsal is the cognitive process that is primarily involved in storing information presented repeatedly. This technique typically involves actively repeating or practicing information in order to enhance retention and make it more likely to be stored in long-term memory. Through rehearsal, information is consolidated and reinforced, allowing individuals to hold onto it for a longer period.

In the context of cognitive psychology, rehearsal can be divided into two types: maintenance rehearsal and elaborative rehearsal. Maintenance rehearsal focuses on repeating information to keep it in short-term memory, while elaborative rehearsal involves connecting new information to existing knowledge, which promotes deeper understanding and more effective long-term retention.

The other cognitive processes mentioned—encoding, retrieval, and storage—are closely related but serve different functions. Encoding refers to the initial process of transforming sensory input into a form that can be stored in memory. Storage involves maintaining the information over time, once it has been encoded. Retrieval is the process of accessing and bringing stored information back into consciousness. While these processes are all essential components of memory, rehearsal specifically pertains to the active repetition of information to aid in its storage and retention.